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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants, which are the most commonly prescribed treatment for ADHD, appear to regulate brain chemicals and boost their levels. They cannot cure the disorder and only treat symptoms if they are taken regularly. adhd medication adults of ADHD medication can include a change in blood pressure and heart rate and stomach upset anxiety and tics. Certain teenagers and children who take stimulant drugs notice a slight reduction in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nerve stimulant, is the most common drug used to treat ADHD. It comes in a variety forms, including a chewable tablet that is liquid as well as a long-acting oral disintegrating tablet, and an extended release pill. The drug is effective by increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, helping to enhance concentration. It can also lessen the symptoms of depression and anxiety. Methylphenidate can be a successful treatment for ADHD when combined with other treatments, such as behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate blocks transporters that eliminate these neurotransmitters naturally from the brain. The drug could cause an increase in heart rate or blood pressure. It may also trigger a rapid change in blood sugar levels, and those with diabetes must be aware when taking this medication. Talk to your doctor when you notice any of these signs. Methylphenidate can also trigger Raynaud's phenomenon, which causes numbness of the feet and fingers. This is a rare side effect however, it is crucial to notify your doctor if you are experiencing these symptoms. There are some who believe that methylphenidate could slow the growth of children. However, this has not been proved. If your child is taking methylphenidate make sure you keep an eye on their weight and height. If your child takes a methylphenidate tablet and phenylalanine is present, it can be dangerous to children with phenylketonuria. Ask your doctor about a different formulation of methylphenidate in case you suffer from PKU. Stimulants are often considered to be the first choice treatment for ADHD however, some individuals have issues with them. In these instances, doctors might prescribe another medication that performs in a similar manner. There are also other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine, in addition to the methylphenidate. These substances can last longer and are more potent than methylphenidate. The typical dosage is every day, either twice or three times, but some people may be able to take them more often. Psychological treatments are also available for treating ADHD however they are less likely to be effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that boosts concentration and reduces hyperactivity as well as impulsiveness. It is in a class of drugs known as selective norepinephrine receptor inhibitors. It increases levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers that regulate the brain's activity. It is a favorite choice for children and adults who prefer a different type of medication than stimulants like Adderall and Vyvanse. It is important to realize that atomoxetine doesn't work instantly. It can take up 6 weeks before the effects of this medication become apparent. There is also the possibility of experiencing negative side effects, such as nausea and drowsiness. However, the benefits of atomoxetine surpass the risks for many patients. The efficacy of atomoxetine was confirmed in a multisite double-blind placebo-controlled study involving 297 ADHD patients ages 12 to 18. The participants were randomized to receive atomoxetine, which is a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group and the placebo group experienced a decrease in the symptoms of depression. The atomoxetine-treated group had more improvements in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However the improvement was not as dramatic (Michelson and colleagues 2001). In a separate open study in another open trial, 10 patients with ADHD who were unable to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine for 8 weeks. The group receiving atomoxetine had improved ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group, with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version and Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale improving significantly. However, one patient developed a rash and withdrew from the study. Three patients also reported transient gastrointestinal symptoms, and one noticed an increase in fatigue. Before beginning treatment with atomoxetine, talk with your physician about your medical history as well as any other medications or supplements that you are taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as over-the-counter medications. It is crucial to tell your doctor if you suffer from narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor, high blood pressure, heart disease or a history of sudden death. You should avoid Atomoxetine in addition to in the event that you've taken an MAO inhibitor like isocarboxazid or linezolid in the past 14 days, or rasagiline Methylene Blue Injection phenelzine, or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant medication that can improve the symptoms of ADHD. It can also reduce the impulsivity of children and improve concentration. However, it does not affect the brain the similar way that stimulants do. Only prescriptions are accepted. Your doctor will decide on the most effective dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets as well as extended-release capsules. It is important to take the medication as directed. You might experience withdrawal symptoms if you stop suddenly. The most common dosage is two or three doses daily separated by 4-6 hours. The dose can vary between 100mg and three times per day to 150mg three or four time each day. The drug is absorbed by the digestive tract and excreted into urine, which means it can't enter breast milk. However, it can get into the bloodstream and cause damage to other organs. Bupropion can raise blood pressure, so it's important to check it often. Bupropion, in addition to improving ADHD symptoms, can also reduce depression. It can also be used to treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking dopamine receptors that are located in your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter, dopamine, from reaching your brain. This helps to stabilize your mood. Bupropion can interact with other medications So it's crucial to inform your doctor about any other medications you're taking. It's also important to know if you have any allergies. It is also important to avoid caffeine or other stimulants that can make the side effects more severe. A number of studies have compared bupropion with placebos in adults with ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed, and most studies were poorly conducted. Additionally, many did not include participants with psychiatric disorders. The data indicate that bupropion has a small effect on ADHD. However it is necessary to conduct more research to determine positive patient-centered outcomes like improvements in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be developed, it is necessary to understand the underlying causes of the molecular forms of ADHD. This includes a better knowledge of the relationship between molecular pathways. Furthermore, it's essential to understand how different anti-ADHD drugs work with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants If the stimulants prescribed to children with ADHD aren't effective or cause adverse side effects, doctors may consider antidepressants as a treatment. These drugs, like imipramine and Nortriptyline, (Aventyl and Pamelor), increase the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which helps people to focus. These older medications can cause serious adverse negative effects. They are typically used when other medications are not working. The first choice for depression-related antidepressants is typically an inhibitor of serotonin reuptake (SSRI), such as sertraline, fluoxetine or citalopram. Tricyclic antidepressants continue to be used in certain instances, despite their long history. They are also effective in reducing neuropathic pain. They also have an additional pain-relieving effect which is distinct from their antidepressant activity. adhd for adults medication increase the activity of the noradrenephrine receptor, by preventing its reuptake, and they also act as descending modulators for pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs are less toxic and have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They are also safer during pregnancy and do not appear to be teratogenic to humans or animals. If they are abruptly stopped, they could cause withdrawal symptoms that are severe. To reduce the risk of these side effects, your doctor may suggest reducing your dose gradually over a period of time. Bupropion, a common antidepressant that is used off-label to treat ADHD but isn't FDA approved as an adhd drug. It is believed to be effective by increasing neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine or dopamine in the brain, which enhances concentration. It also helps alleviate anxiety and stress. It can be used in conjunction with stimulants for quicker and lasting results. There are no FDA-approved non-stimulant ADHD medications, however many people experience relief from herbal remedies and dietary supplements. A diet that is low in fat and sugar may also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. In the same way, removing caffeine can be beneficial for some. Discuss with your doctor any medicines you or your child are taking as well as herbal remedies and prescription medications. This can help reduce unwanted side effects and prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect people differently. It may take some trial and error to find the right dosage and dose for your child or yourself.